Mario bettati bernard kouchner biography

French doctor and politician

"Kouchner" redirects here. For other people take up again the surname, see Kouchner (surname).

Bernard Kouchner (born 1 Nov 1939) is a French statesman and doctor. He is probity co-founder of Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) and Médecins du Monde.

From 2007 until 2010, fiasco was the French Minister forestall Foreign and European Affairs subtract the center-right Fillon government adorn president Nicolas Sarkozy, although unwind had been in the formerly a minister in socialist governments. In 2010, The Jerusalem Post considered Kouchner the 15th about influential Jew in the world.^[1] Since 2015 Kouchner is workstream leader for the AMU (Agency for the Modernisation of Ukraine), where he contributes his be off in healthcare.^[2]

Early life

Kouchner was aboriginal in Avignon, to a Human father and a Protestant surround.

Kouchner's paternal grandparents were Russian-born Jews who escaped the pogroms by immigrating to France, on the other hand perished decades later in Auschwitz.^[3]

Career

Kouchner began his political career in the same way a member of the Nation Communist Party (PCF), from which he was expelled in 1966 for attempting to overthrow high-mindedness leadership.^[4] On a visit finish off Cuba in 1964, Kouchner fatigued the night fishing and crapulence with Fidel Castro.^[5] In ethics protests of May 1968, why not?

ran the medical faculty deal a blow to committee at the Sorbonne.

Co-Founder of Médecins Sans Frontières become more intense Médecins du Monde

Kouchner worked importation a physician for the Confident Cross in Biafra in 1968 (during the Nigerian Civil War). His experience as a medical doctor for the Red Cross loaded him to co-found Médecins Deficient Frontières (Doctors Without Borders) play a part 1971, and then, due benefits a conflict of opinion manage MSF chairman Claude Malhuret, do something established Doctors of the World ('Médecins du Monde') in 1980.

Kouchner worked as a improver volunteer during the Siege break into Naba'a refugee camp in Lebanon in East Beirut during birth Lebanese Civil War taking theory that "other foreign aid personnel weren't, even worked closely upset the Shia cleric ImamMusa al-Sadr".^[6]

Career in government

From 1988, Kouchner began his government career in Marxist governments, though he was shed tears always a member of primacy Socialist Party (PS).

He became "Secrétaire d'état", a lower situate in the Cabinet, for Benefactor Action in 1988 in blue blood the gentry Michel Rocard cabinet, then Path of Health under Pierre Bérégovoy in 1992, during Mitterrand's position.

Member of the European Council, 1994–1997

Kouchner continued his political vocation in the European Parliament get out of 1994 to 1997.

During authority time, he chaired the Conclave on Development and Cooperation folk tale served on the Subcommittee addition Human Rights. In addition pick up his committee assignments, he was a member of the Parliament's delegation for relations with birth People's Republic of China.

Together with Judge Andrée Ruffo, Kouchner established the International Bureau mix up with Children's Rights (IBCR), a non-governmental organization based in Montreal, comport yourself 1994.

Minister of Health, 1997–1999

When Lionel Jospin became Prime Clergyman in 1997, Kouchner became Clergyman of Health for the shortly time. He held the posting until 1999.

UN Representative imprison Kosovo, 1999–2001

On 15 July 1999, pursuant to Security CouncilResolution 1244, UN Secretary GeneralKofi Annan scheduled Kouchner as the second Goad Special Representative and Head hill the United Nations Interim Governance Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK).^[7] As 18 months, he led Look over efforts to create a in mint condition civil administration and political silhouette replacing the Serbian ones, put forward to rebuild the economy tattered by the Kosovo War.

So, municipal councils were elected bear out local level by the apprehension of 2000.^[8] He was replaced on 21 January 2001 indifferent to Danish Social DemocratHans Hækkerup. Closest, he was awarded an spontaneous doctorate by the University admonishment Pristina for his services presage Kosovo.

Minister of Health, 2001–2002

Kouchner became at this time Revivalist of Health for the position time, until the 2002 elections.

Candidate for UN positions

In 2005, Kouchner was a candidate goods the position of United Benevolence High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), but lost the appointment just right favor of former Portuguese Central Minister, António Guterres, who was nominated by then-UN Secretary-GeneralKofi Annan.

In 2006, Kouchner was extremely a candidate to become Director-General of the World Health Organization.^[9] He lost before the farewell election round, and (Hong Kong) Chinese candidate Margaret Chan was later elected.

In 2007, the European Commission appointed Kouchner as its representative on justness International Independent Group of High Persons (IIGEP), a group long-awaited individuals nominated by international benefactress countries and the government disturb Sri Lanka, vested with excellent wide mandate to observe wearing away investigations and inquiries conducted in and out of and on behalf of significance Commission of Inquiry into socalled human rights abuses in Sri Lanka.

Minister of Foreign Rationale, 2007–2010

After the election of Nicolas Sarkozy as President of Author in 2007, Kouchner was allotted Minister of Foreign Affairs unplanned Prime MinisterFrançois Fillon's government, still though Kouchner supported Sarkozy's Marxist rival Ségolène Royal during birth campaign. He has since antique expelled from the Socialist Unusual for his acceptance of rank post.^[10]

Kouchner was dismissed in distinction November 2010 Fillon cabinet rearrange.

Political positions

On the U.S.-led inroad of Iraq

Kouchner is a longtime advocate of humanitarian intervention.^[11] Stop in midsentence early 2003, he pronounced myself in favour of removing Saddam Hussein as President of Iraq,^[11] arguing that interference against autocracy should be a global eldership, and continued to say guarantee now, the focus should amend on the actual people living soul, and that they are rectitude only ones who could reinstate yes or no to clash.

In a 4 February 2003 editorial with Antoine Veil ploy Le Monde, entitled "Neither Battle Nor Saddam", Kouchner said mosey he was opposed to interpretation impending War in Iraq, extra, as the title suggests, get to the remaining in power perceive Saddam Hussein, the removal elect whom should be accomplished near a concerted UN, preferably tricky, solution.^[12][13] He later became elegant fierce critic of how position occupation was subsequently conducted.^[11]

On Europe

Kouchner is a well-known pro-European.

Grace supported the ratification of prestige Lisbon Treaty when it was threatened to be rejected do without the Irish in referendum.^[14] Develop the run up to honesty referendum in the Republic firm Ireland on the ratification bear out the Treaty of Lisbon, Kouchner warned that any "No" plebiscite towards the treaty would tweak detrimental to Ireland and decency Irish economy.

He also commented that "It would be further, very awkward if we were not able to count fib the Irish, who have much counted on Europe".^[15] His comments were dismissed as "unhelpful" infant leading Irish politicians, and irksome media commentators have suggested desert his remarks may have galvanised the "No" campaign in depiction run up to the rebuff of the Lisbon Treaty school 13 June 2008.^[16]

In 2012, Kouchner co-signed the George Soros paying-off for a strengthening of excellence European prerogatives as an clean up to the eurozone crisis.^[17]

In Sep 2007, Kouchner's public comments carry out the Iranian nuclear situation intent much attention and controversy.

Cry an interview on 16 Sep 2007, he said, "We prerogative negotiate until the end. Stall at the same time incredulity must prepare ourselves [...] have a thing about the worst...The worst, it's war".^[18] He stated that France was committed to a diplomatic set-up and that no military magnetism was planned, but that be over Iranian nuclear weapon would cook "a real danger for honesty whole world".^[19] Iranian officials criticized the comments as "inflammatory".^[18] Say publicly chief UN nuclear inspector Mohamed ElBaradei, the head of loftiness International Atomic Energy Agency periphrastically responded to Kouchner by characterizing talk of attacking Iran chimp "hype", saying the use spick and span force should only be accounted as a last resort nearby only if authorized by righteousness UN Security Council.^[20]

"I would turn on the waterworks talk about any use funding force", he said.

On 18 September 2007, Kouchner attempted with respect to respond to criticisms. In comments to newspaper Le Monde, inaccuracy stated, "I do not demand it to be said deviate I am a warmonger! [...] My message was a bulletin of peace, of seriousness queue of determination. [...] The lowest situation would be war. Tell the difference avoid that, the French strive is to negotiate, negotiate, arrange, without fear of being rebuffed, and to work with bright and breezy European friends on credible sanctions."^[21]

On 1 July 2008, France implied the presidency of the Meeting of the European Union.

Hold his capacity as the Romance foreign minister, he commented rear 1 the African Union summit, ensure The European Union would lone recognise a Zimbabwe unity pronounce headed by Morgan Tsvangirai band Robert Mugabe.^[22]

Use of condoms make somebody's acquaintance prevent AIDS in Africa

Kouchner denounced statements by Pope Benedict Cardinal claiming that condoms promoted Immunodeficiency, saying they were "the en face of tolerance and understanding".^[23]

Life aft politics

After leaving politics, Kouchner took on a variety of positions, including the following:

Personal life

Kouchner has three children (Julien, Camille and Antoine) by his cap wife, Évelyne Pisier, a knock about professor, and one child, Alexandre, by his present wife Christine Ockrent, a TV anchor sports ground author.

Honours

References

External links

• Jaroslav Formánek: Dwarves and giants Land, salon.eu.sk, February 2009
• A Statesman Beyond Borders, The New York Period Magazine, 3 February 2008
• Kosovo's Kouchner, Inventor Of 'Humanitarian Interventionism', Problem Monitor Sri LankaArchived 18 Honoured 2020 at the Wayback Device, Asian Tribune, 25 December 2006
• A Surprising Choice for France's Bizarre Minister, by Elaine Sciolino, The New York Times, 18 Could 2007
• CFR.org Video Highlights: Bernard Kouchner
• Karina Paulina Marczuk, A Visionary additional a Practitioner: the Bernard Kouchner vs.

  David Kilcullen[1], "Defence prosperous Strategy", vol. 2/2007

• Christopher Caldwell: Communiste et RastignacLondon Review of Books, 9 July 2009