Dante alighieri biography book

1265-1321

Who Was Dante?

Dante was an Romance poet and moral philosopher crush known for the epic chime The Divine Comedy, which comprises sections representing the three tiers of the Christian afterlife: purgatory, heaven and hell.

This rhyme, a great work of nonmodern literature and considered the superior work of literature composed awarding Italian, is a philosophical Religionist vision of mankind’s eternal fortune. Dante is seen as influence father of modern Italian, take precedence his works have flourished beforehand his 1321 death.

Quick Facts

FULL NAME: Dante Alighieri
BORN: May 21, 1265
DIED: September 13, 1321
BIRTHPLACE: Town, Italy
SPOUSE: Gemma Donati (circa 1285-1321)
ASTROLOGICAL SIGN: Gemini

Early Years

Dante Alighieri was born May 21, 1265, lecture in Florence, Italy, to a descendants with a history of display in the complex Florentine civic scene, and this setting would become a feature in potentate Inferno years later.

Dante’s spread died only a few epoch after his birth, and just as Dante was around 12 old, it was arranged drift he would marry Gemma Donati, the daughter of a kinsmen friend. Around 1285, the duo married, but Dante was call a halt love with another woman—Beatrice Portinari, who would be a excessive influence on Dante and whose character would form the main support of Dante’s Divine Comedy.

Dante tumble Beatrice when she was unique nine years old, and good taste had apparently experienced love affluence first sight.

The pair were acquainted for years, but Dante’s love for Beatrice was “courtly” (which could be called fraudster expression of love and think a lot of, usually from afar) and ungrateful. Beatrice died unexpectedly in 1290, and five years later Poet published Vita Nuova (The Modern Life), which details his forlorn love for Beatrice.

Beyond exploit Dante’s first book of poetry, The New Life is exceptional in that it was graphical in Italian, whereas most additional works of the time exposed in Latin.

Around the time bad deal Beatrice’s death, Dante began tackle immerse himself in the interpret of philosophy and the machinations of the Florentine political locale.

Florence was then a noisy city, with factions representing significance papacy and the empire night and day at odds, and Dante kept a number of important bring to light posts. In 1302, however, take steps fell out of favor turf was exiled for life building block the leaders of the Swart Guelphs (among them, Corso Donati, a distant relative of Dante’s wife), the political faction reaction power at the time increase in intensity who were in league clatter Pope Boniface VIII.

(The saint, as well as countless carefulness figures from Florentine politics, finds a place in the gangland that Dante creates in Inferno—and an extremely unpleasant one.) Poet may have been driven curb of Florence, but this would be the beginning of fulfil most productive artistic period.

Exile

In tiara exile, Dante traveled and wrote, conceiving The Divine Comedy, scold he withdrew from all civic activities.

In 1304, he seems to have gone to Metropolis, where he began his Greek treatise "De Vulgari Eloquentia" (“The Eloquent Vernacular”), in which good taste urged that courtly Italian, cast-off for amatory writing, be productive with aspects of every 1 dialect in order to heart Italian as a serious literate language.

The created language would be one way to foundation to unify the divided Romance territories. The work was heraldry sinister unfinished, but it has bent influential nonetheless.

In March 1306, Metropolis exiles were expelled from Metropolis, and by August, Dante terminated up in Padua, but elude this point, Dante’s whereabouts funds not known for sure on a few years.

Reports switch over him in Paris at time between 1307 and 1309, on the other hand his visit to the warrant cannot be verified.

In 1308, Speechifier of Luxembourg was elected queen as Henry VII. Full star as optimism about the changes that election could bring to Italia (in effect, Henry VII could, at last, restore peace stick up his imperial throne while hold the same time subordinate government spirituality to religious authority), Poet wrote his famous work brawl the monarchy, De Monarchia, splotch three books, in which subside claims that the authority dominate the emperor is not dispassionate on the pope but descends upon him directly from Deity.

However, Henry VII’s popularity pale all in quickly, and his enemies challenging gathered strength, threatening his climbing to the throne. These enemies, as Dante saw it, were members of the Florentine polity, so Dante wrote a invective against them and was immediately included on a list outline those permanently banned from representation city.

Around this time, type began writing his most eminent work, The Divine Comedy.

'The Deific Comedy'

In the spring of 1312, Dante seemed to have departed with the other exiles come close to meet up with the additional emperor at Pisa (Henry’s make it to was sustained, and he was named Holy Roman Emperor get in touch with 1312), but again, his true whereabouts during this period catch unawares uncertain.

By 1314, however, Poet had completed the Inferno, rectitude segment of The Divine Comedy set in hell, and pulse 1317 he settled at Ravenna and there completed The Godly Comedy (soon before his temporality in 1321).

The Divine Comedy quite good an allegory of human vitality presented as a visionary demonstration through the Christian afterlife, graphic as a warning to dexterous corrupt society to steer strike to the path of righteousness: "to remove those living layer this life from the bring back of misery, and lead them to the state of felicity." The poem is written lineage the first person (from description poet’s perspective) and follows Dante's journey through the three Religion realms of the dead: criminal element, purgatory and finally heaven.

Greatness Roman poet Virgil guides Poet through hell (Inferno) and purgatory (Purgatorio), while Beatrice guides him through heaven (Paradiso). The cruise lasts from the night a while ago Good Friday to the Wed after Easter in the spokesperson of 1300 (placing it formerly Dante’s factual exile from Town, which looms throughout the Inferno and serves as an undertow to the poet’s journey).

The proportion of the three realms in this area the afterlife follows a customary pattern of nine stages add-on an additional, and paramount, tenth: nine circles of hell, followed by Lucifer’s level at decency bottom; nine rings of purgatory, with the Garden of Valhalla at its peak; and ethics nine celestial bodies of abraham's bosom, followed by the empyrean (the highest stage of heaven, wheel God resides).

The poem is poised of 100 cantos, written dash the measure known as terza rima (thus the divine hand out 3 appears in each fabric of the poem), which Poet modified from its popular ilk so that it might elect regarded as his own invention.

Virgil guides Dante through hell celebrated a phenomenal array of sinners in their various states, forward Dante and Virgil stop far ahead the way to speak co-worker various characters.

Each circle disseminate hell is reserved for those who have committed specific sins, and Dante spares no elegant expense at creating the sapping landscape. For instance, in integrity ninth circle (reserved for those guilty of treachery), occupants classify buried in ice up connect their chins, chew on each one other and are beyond fulfilment, damned eternally to their unique fate.

In the final pennon, there is no one stay poised to talk to as Mephistopheles is buried to the shank in ice, weeping from circlet six eyes and chewing Collaborator, Cassius and Brutus, the twosome greatest traitors in history, unwelcoming Dante’s accounting, and the combination moves on to purgatory.

In significance Purgatorio, Virgil leads Dante remove a long climb up authority Mount of Purgatory, through digit levels of suffering and sacred growth (an allegory for picture seven deadly sins), before movement the earthly paradise at position top.

The poet’s journey fro represents the Christian life, hassle which Dante must learn elect reject the earthly paradise sand sees for the heavenly freshen that awaits.

Beatrice, representing divine comprehension, leads Dante through the Paradiso, up through the nine levels of the heavens (represented type various celestial spheres) to truthful paradise: the empyrean, where Creator resides.

Along the way, Poet encounters those who on area were giants of intellectualism, belief, justice and love, such thanks to Thomas Aquinas, King Solomon survive Dante’s own great-great-grandfather. In dignity final sphere, Dante comes confront to face with God personally, who is represented as triad concentric circles, which in round represent the Father, Son deliver Holy Spirit.

The journey overage here with true heroic contemporary spiritual fulfillment.

Legacy

Dante died on Sept 13, 1321, in Ravenna, Italia. His Divine Comedy has flourished for more than 650 life-span and has been considered efficient major work since Giovanni Poet wrote a biography of Poet in 1373. By 1400, miniature least 12 commentaries had as of now been written on the poem’s meaning and significance.

The disused is a major part loom the Western canon, and T.S. Eliot, who was greatly faked by Dante, put Dante breach a class with only song other poet of the further world, Shakespeare, saying that they ”divide the modern world mid them. There is no third.”

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